The objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of TGF-β1 on CCL3/4 expression and inflammation-related pain during intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). TGF-β1 and CCL3/4 ...
Degenerative disc disease is a condition in which age-related wear and tear of one or more spinal discs causes pain, such as in the low back, buttocks and thigh. Injuries can also contribute to disc ...