Algebraic structures constitute a fundamental framework in modern mathematics, providing essential tools for abstract reasoning and practical applications across diverse scientific fields. These ...

Algebraic structures form the backbone of modern abstract algebra, encapsulating a wide range of systems such as groups, rings, fields, and modules, each characterised by distinct axiomatic properties ...

Hirzebruch's problem at the interface of topology and algebraic geometry has occupied mathematicians for more than 50 years. A professor of mathematics at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet in Munich ...

This study extends algebraic perspectives to non-topological closure spaces by introducing Hopf structures. We define closure Hopf spaces and groups, investigate their properties, and explore homotopy ...