The semiconductor manufacturing process involves many steps, including, but not limited to, film deposition, photolithography, etching, and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Contamination can ...

FTIR spectroscopy is a robust technique for real-time in situ monitoring of a reaction or process, which can be realized in two ways: in situ through an insertion probe or via flow through cells ...

These models can be used either offline to provide the optimal process cycle, or online to provide optimal, real-time process control [3]. This is the target of the iREMO project (www.iremo.eu), an EC ...

Aim: To demonstrate the potential of in-line nanoparticle size measurements using the NanoFlowSizer (NFS) as a PAT method. To achieve real-time process control by establishing automated regulation of ...

A recent study shows the radio frequency (RF) filter market growing steadily by nearly $16 billion from 2019 to 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 20%, according to ...

Model DN-EM is an energy flow monitor intended for applications in energy transfer and in heating/cooling systems such as heating and cooling loops, heat recovery ...

The size and size distribution of nanomedicines in various (bio)pharmaceutical products, including liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, recombinant proteins, and antibodies, plays a significant role in ...