A pH measurement is only as accurate as the buffer solutions used for its calibration. Across pharmaceuticals, environmental ...

This lab includes a theoretical explanation of how buffers work and how they are made, including a derivation of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Students will use what they have learned to ...

This lab includes a demonstration of the proper use of a burette system for titrations; including a detailed description, instructional video, and opportunity for students to collect data to ...

Process liquids and buffers are necessary tools for biotherapeutic manufacturing. In small-scale process development scales, these liquids are often overlooked as the focus is usually on the molecule, ...