We think of crystals as the gold standard of frequency generation. However, if you want real precision, you need something either better than a crystal or something that will correct for tiny errors — ...

A rubidium standard, or rubidium atomic clock, is a high accuracy frequency and time standard, usually accurate to within a few parts in 10 11. This is still several orders of magnitude less than some ...

A greatly simplified block diagram of an atomic frequency standard (also called an atomic clock) is shown in Figure 2.1. This consists of an atomic resonator, a local oscillator, and additional ...

In my previous design idea, a design for a simple GPS disciplined oscillator (GPSDO) 10 MHz reference was presented. A note at the end of that article describes the realization that a frequency ...

Atomic frequency standards are all based on particular frequency resonances in, ideally, isolated atoms of an isotope of an element such as cesium-133, which happens to be the basis for the present ...