Cross-sectional analysis is a research design in which exposure and outcome variables are measured simultaneously at a single point in time across a defined population. By capturing a “snapshot” of ...
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Mastering bias-free epidemiology study designs
Observational study designs like cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional are the backbone of epidemiology, but each comes with unique strengths, limitations, and bias risks. Understanding these ...
Objectives To assess the clinical competence of sports medicine physicians to recognise and report harassment and abuse in sports, and to identify barriers to reporting and the need for safeguarding ...
Background Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterised by obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions. These obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) are subclinical manifestations that do not meet ...
Introduction Pain experienced during functional activities, referred to as movement-evoked pain (MEP), is a common and disabling symptom in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Unlike pain at ...
A recent prospective cross-sectional study published in the Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine (March 2026) found that overall ...
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